The back of the tongue also contains lymphoid tissue (tonsils) that, if enlarged, can reduce airflow. The mechanical removal of tongue base tissue creates an increase in the airway capacity in the area behind the tongue.
General anesthesia is also used when the lingual tonsils are removed. The mouth is held open by an instrument called a laryngoscope. The laryngoscope is a lighted tube through which the lingual tonsils can be seen and removed. The lingual tonsils are at the back of the tongue and are rather firmly attached to the muscles of the tongue. The tonsils are separated from the muscle using either laser or electrocautery.
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